Sensemaking and crisis revisited: the failure of sensemaking during the Flint water crisis     

William D. Nowling  Matthew W. Seeger 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2020,48(2):270-289

ABSTRACT

This study operationalized Weick’s [(1988). Enacted sensemaking in crisis situations. Journal of Management Studies 25(4), 305–317 and (1993). The collapse of sensemaking in organizations: The Mann Gulch disaster. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, 628–652] theory of enacted sensemaking to examine the communication processes associated with the Flint Water Crisis of 2014–2015. A content analysis of 389 emails and attachments from a total population of N?=?37,376 pages of publicly released e-mails and documents pertaining to Flint’s water issues, identified examples of failed sensemaking by government officials. These failures hastened and intensified a growing crisis of lead contamination and an outbreak of Legionnaires disease associated with Flint’s municipal water system. Analysis of email messages suggests that strong commitments by top leaders and limited capacity were important factors as were efforts to create and maintain consensus among officials. The Flint Water Crisis offers an important application of sensemaking theory and its utility for both organizational and risk communication scholars and for practical application. The authors emphasize the importance of questioning previous assumptions and commitments, insuring that communication practitioners are involved in decisions, and avoiding over reliance on image repair as a strategic response.  相似文献   

Examining the Library as a Site for Intervention: A Mixed-Methods Case Study Evaluation of the “Innovative Solutions to Homelessness” Project     

Teresa Hill  Katherine A. Tamminen 《图书馆管理杂志》2020,60(5):470-492

Abstract

This study examined a project that delivered social work services to homeless individuals. A mixed-methods case study was conducted using quantitative and qualitative data from 93 library employees and the project’s Homelessness Prevention Outreach Worker (HPOW). There was an increase in the number of clients accessing community supports during the project, and the HPOW was integral to the provision of support and resources to homeless individuals. Staff training was associated with significantly greater knowledge, comfort, and skills in working with homeless individuals. These findings can inform the delivery and implementation of similar programs for homeless individuals.  相似文献   

被子植物精细胞分离和特性研究进展     

朱维红  张妍  崔彬彬 《保定学院学报》2020,(3):114-121

精细胞分离是研究雄性生殖发育的前提之一,近半个世纪以来,人们运用不断更新的生物实验技术,对被子植物精细胞开展了分离及细胞分子特征的研究。分析被子植物精细胞分离方法,总结精细胞二型性与倾向性、细胞融合方面的研究成果,并对其研究意义和前景进行讨论。  相似文献   

中美基础教育课外体育活动的比较研究     

俞皓天  汪晓赞 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(4):71-74

运用文献资料法、访谈法、比较分析法和逻辑法，对中美基础教育课外体育活动的价值取向、政策文件、组织管理、场地设施、运动时间及实施效果进行梳理、分析和比较，从中得出以下启示：要坚持课外体育活动健身育人的价值；学校体育政策要向课外体育活动倾斜，并注重政策的落实；构建课外体育活动的三级体系，促进家校社三方联动；加快社区体育建设，引导体育消费升级；布置体育作业，保证课外运动时间；立足实际问题，让学生从课外体育活动中受益。以邻为镜比较优劣得失，但不能生搬硬套，要从传统体育文化中吸收养分，促进青少年身心健康，促进我国课外体育活动改革与发展。  相似文献   

The Use of Augmented Reality Technology in Medical Specimen Museum Tours     

Atsushi Sugiura  Toshihiro Kitama  Masahiro Toyoura  Xiaoyang Mao 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(5):561-571

Human anatomical specimen museums are commonly used by medical, nursing, and paramedical students. Through dissection and prosection, the specimens housed in these museums allow students to appreciate the complex relationships of organs and structures in more detail than textbooks could provide. However, it may be difficult for students, particularly novices, to identify the various parts of these anatomical structures without additional explanations from a docent or supplemental illustrations. Recently, augmented reality (AR) has been used in many museum exhibits to display virtual objects in videos captured from the real world. This technology can significantly enhance the learning experience. In this study, three AR-based support systems for tours in medical specimen museums were developed, and their usability and effectiveness for learning were examined. The first system was constructed using an AR marker. This system could display virtual label information for specimens by capturing AR markers using a tablet camera. Individual AR markers were required for all specimens, but their presence in and on the prosected specimens could also be obtrusive. The second system was developed to set the specimen image itself as an image marker, as most specimens were displayed in cross section. Visitors could then obtain the label information presented by AR without any markers intruding on the display or anatomical specimens. The third system was comprised of a head-mounted display combined with a natural click interface. The system could provide visitors with an environment for the natural manipulation of virtual objects with future scalability.  相似文献   

Using football cultures as a vehicle to improve mental health in men: the case of the Redcar and cleveland boot room     

Kevin Dixon  Dave Belshaw  Paul Johnson  Darren Flynn 《Sport in Society》2019,22(7):1258-1274

This paper sets out to appraise (from the perspective of members) the impact of a localized, football-based mental health intervention. Commissioned in late 2015, the ‘Redcar and Cleveland Boot Room (BR)’ was implemented in response to mass redundancy in the local area, coupled with regional suicide rates in men that exceed the national average. Interactive discussions with BR members revealed that: (a) the language of football and shared identity were important for initiating and sustaining engagement in the BR; (b) peer-support and mentoring combined with member-led activities were active ingredients of the BR and (c) that the BR was an effective vehicle for building mental health resilience. This evaluation adds to the evidence base on the value of football as a context to engage adult males in community-based interventions targeting mental health resilience.  相似文献   

多旋翼无人机微多普勒特性分析与特征提取     

马娇  董勇伟  李原  李凌霄  杨杰芳 《中国科学院大学学报》2019,36(2):235-243

针对多旋翼无人机目标的识别问题，提出一种基于伽柏（Gabor）变换的瞬时频率估计与快速傅里叶变换（FFT）相结合的微多普勒特征提取算法。首先建立多旋翼无人机旋翼回波模型，并通过仿真分析叶片数目、旋翼转速和初始相位等参数对微多普勒特征的影响，利用Gabor变换得到时频特征。在此基础上通过瞬时频率极大值法提取微多普勒频率，并对瞬时频率采用FFT提取旋翼数和转动频率，从而获得叶片长度估计值。实测数据验证了该算法较为准确地提取无人机的微多普勒参数。  相似文献   

The role of a digital engineering platform in appropriating the creation of new work-related mind-set and organisational discourse in a large multi-national company     

《International Journal of Information Management》2019

This paper reports on a case study involving a strategic and innovative approach to creation of an in-house multifaceted digital engineering platform (the DEP) in overcoming a number of organisational problems at a multinational engineering company. The DEP was to be used strategically for simplifying the operational complexity and to create and appropriate new work-related mind-set and new organisational discourse to achieve homogenous working across the organisation, which is a huge challenge. The need for this system emerged from the need to resolve many organisational services related problems that carried phenomenal amount of processes, health and safety risks and to regulate, and, control the running of engineering project. Research data were collected using a longitudinal case study approach over a period of six months. In order to make sense of how the DEP helped the organisation, the study used certain elements of Extended Structuration Theory as a lens to assess the case study. This research discovered that the DEP succeeded in creating and appropriating work-related mind-set and organisational discourse. It also had real influence on working processes and employees at all levels while encouraging transparency, responsiveness, agility and accountability. It continues to help the organisation to govern, manage and maintain good standard of service but many barriers still remain.  相似文献   

Syllable-based reading improvement: Effects on word reading and reading comprehension in Grade 2     

《Learning and Instruction》2020

This study examined the effects of a syllable-based reading intervention for German second graders who demonstrated difficulties in the recognition of written words. The intervention focused on fostering word reading via syllable segmentation. The materials consisted of the 500 most frequent syllables typically read by 6- to 8-year-old children. The aims were to practice phonological recoding, consolidate orthographic representations of syllables, and routinize the access to these representations. Compared to children randomly assigned to a wait-list group, poor readers in the treatment condition showed significant improvements in standardized measures of phonological recoding, direct word recognition, and text-based reading comprehension after the 24-session intervention. Poor readers in the treatment condition also showed greater improvements in development of word recognition compared to children with efficient word recognition skills. The results provide evidence that a syllable-based reading intervention is a promising approach to increase struggling readers’ word recognition skills, which in turn will improve their reading comprehension.  相似文献   

大型赛事赞助、网络关注度与企业市场价值--2018年俄罗斯世界杯中国赞助商实证研究     

付磊  蔡兴林 《体育科学》2020,(4):28-34

企业赞助大型体育赛事目的是为了提升企业的市场价值,针对多家中国企业赞助2018年俄罗斯世界杯的事件,用事件研究方法考察了企业签约赞助和开赛日2个阶段股票价格的异常收益波动,并用百度指数研究了网络关注度对异常收益的影响关系。研究发现,中国企业赞助俄罗斯世界杯,在签约事件窗口内企业获得正向的市场绩效,而在开赛日事件窗口内企业获得负向的市场绩效。百度指数与股票异常收益的关系,说明网络关注度对事件影响产生催化剂的作用。研究结果表明,企业赞助大型赛事需要注重短期和长期的效果,注意防止过度炒作,并要积极采用营销组合的手段扩大赞助带来的影响和收益。  相似文献